China has placed 20 Japanese institutions on its export control list because of their links to the Japanese army, and has also added Japan’s National Defense Studies Institute to the list. The Chinese Ministry of Commerce announced that dual‑use goods are now prohibited for delivery to the designated institutions, and that Chinese‑origin dual‑use items will also be barred. The move is aimed at curbing Japan’s re‑militarization and nuclear ambitions, while China stresses that the restrictions target only a few Japanese entities and dual‑use goods and will not affect normal economic and trade relations.