The Russian R-37M air‑to‑air missile contains non‑military electronic components, including American Altera chips produced after 2017. Designed to reach speeds over Mach 5 and perform high‑G maneuvers, the missile’s electronics must withstand severe vibration and acceleration. While the R-37M has seen combat in Ukraine and attracted large orders from India, analysts question its resilience against electronic warfare from rivals such as the United States and China, as well as the reliability of its foreign‑sourced parts. Concerns are also raised about failure rates if the missile is fired in large numbers and whether Russia’s limited domestic electronics production forces it to rely on civilian components for export contracts.